{"id":1246,"date":"2016-01-17T12:00:29","date_gmt":"2016-01-17T12:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/?p=1246"},"modified":"2021-03-23T15:09:56","modified_gmt":"2021-03-23T15:09:56","slug":"part-of-a-caoineadh-in-the-conamara-tradition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/part-of-a-caoineadh-in-the-conamara-tradition\/","title":{"rendered":"Part of a Caoineadh in the Conamara Tradition"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"t:seinnteoirin1\">Play recording: Part of a Caoineadh in the Conamara Tradition<\/h2>\n\n\n<div style=\"width: 580px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-1246-1\" width=\"580\" height=\"326\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/00-micil\/me\u00e1in\/part-of-a-caoineadh-in-the-conamara-tradition.mp4?_=1\" \/><source type=\"video\/webm\" src=\"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/00-micil\/me\u00e1in\/part-of-a-caoineadh-in-the-conamara-tradition.webm?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/00-micil\/me\u00e1in\/part-of-a-caoineadh-in-the-conamara-tradition.mp4\">https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/00-micil\/me\u00e1in\/part-of-a-caoineadh-in-the-conamara-tradition.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This page was significantly expanded with new material on Palm Sunday, 14th April 2019 as part of the series of releases to celebrate the centerary of Joe Heaney\u2019s birth. Both the video and the text now contain material from a number of contributors. Some of this material is in Irish and some in English. It was decided not to apply blanket translations but to let each contribution stand as part of a bilingual whole. There\u2019s a degree of overlap however, so readers who don\u2019t have Irish aren\u2019t missing out entirely. Also, numerous links and references to further English language reading are given down through the text and anyone wishing to find out more is encouraged to consult these.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Video segments: <b>00:00:00<\/b> (the <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caoineadh<\/i>), <b>00:02:48<\/b> (analysis, in English, by Dr Sean Williams), <b>00:05:03<\/b> (analysis, in Irish, by Dr Lillis \u00d3&nbsp;Laoire).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"dmeite\"><span id=\"neasc-nocht-ceilth\" class=\"nmeite\">view \/ hide recording details [+\/-]<\/span>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul id=\"clarMeiteashonrai\" class=\"meiteashonrai\">\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Teideal <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Title)<\/span>:<\/span> Part of a Caoineadh in the Conamara Tradition.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Uimhir Chatal\u00f3ige Ollscoil Washington <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(University of Washington Catalogue Number)<\/span>:<\/span> none.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Uimhir Chnuasach Bh\u00e9aloideas \u00c9ireann <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(National Folklore of Ireland Number)<\/span>:<\/span> none.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Uimhir Roud <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Roud Number)<\/span>:<\/span> none.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Uimhir Laws <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Laws Number)<\/span>:<\/span> none.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Uimhir Child <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Child Number)<\/span>:<\/span> none.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Cnuasach <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Collection)<\/span>:<\/span> The M\u00e1ire Nic Fhinn Collection.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Teanga na Cro\u00edmh\u00edre <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Core-Item Language)<\/span>:<\/span> Irish.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Catag\u00f3ir <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Category)<\/span>:<\/span> song.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Ainm an t\u00e9 a thug <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Name of Informant)<\/span>:<\/span> Joe Heaney.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Ainm an t\u00e9 a th\u00f3g <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Name of Collector)<\/span>:<\/span> Liam Clancy.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">D\u00e1ta an taifeadta <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Recording Date)<\/span>:<\/span> unavailable.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Su\u00edomh an taifeadta <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Recording Location)<\/span>:<\/span> unavailable.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Oc\u00e1id an taifeadta <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Recording Occasion)<\/span>:<\/span> unavailable.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Daoine eile a bh\u00ed i l\u00e1thair <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Others present)<\/span>:<\/span> unavailable.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">Taifeadadh m\u00edreanna f\u00edse\u00e1in <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Video segments recording)<\/span>:<\/span> M\u00ed\u010be\u00e1l \u00d3&nbsp;Lo\u010blainn.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai\">St\u00e1das ch\u00f3ipcheart an taifeadta <span class=\"lipead-meiteashonrai-bearla\">(Recording copyright status)<\/span>:<\/span> The Estate of Liam Clancy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d3, nach m\u00f3r mo thrua dhuit, a st\u00f3ir\u00edn?<br>\u00d3, \u2019s \u00f3ch\u00f3n-\u00f3, nach m\u00e9 at\u00e1 br\u00f3nach anocht?<br>Is \u00f3ch\u00f3n mo st\u00f3ir\u00edn, nach t\u00fa a bh\u00ed go deas liom ar\u00e9ir?<br>Is \u00f3ch\u00f3n mo mh\u00fairn\u00edn, c\u00e9n f\u00e1th gur imigh t\u00fa uaim?<br>Agus \u00f3ch\u00f3n, agus \u00f3ch\u00f3n, agus \u00f3ch\u00f3n, is \u00f3ch\u00f3n.<br>Agus \u00f3ch\u00f3n, is \u00f3ch\u00f3n, nach trua nach bhfuil t\u00fa liom?<br>Ach is \u00f3ch\u00f3n, muise, \u00f3ch\u00f3n, a st\u00f3ir\u00edn, c\u00e9n f\u00e1th ar imigh t\u00fa uaim?<br>A st\u00f3ir\u00edn, tar chugam. C\u00e9n f\u00e1th ar imigh t\u00fa uaim?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><q>That\u2019s part of it, Liam\u2026<\/q><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"t:aistriuchan\">Translation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Oh, isn\u2019t my sorrow* great for you, my treasure?<br>Oh, and alas, isn\u2019t it I who\u2019s sad tonight?<br>And alas, my treasure, wasn\u2019t it you who was nice to me last night?<br>And alas, my beloved, why did you go from me?<br>And alas, and alas, and alas, and alas.<br>And alas, and alas, isn\u2019t it a pity that you are not with me.<br>But alas, indeed, alas, my treasure, why did you go from me?<br>My treasure, come to me. Why did you go from me?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>* \u2018Trua\u2019 literally means \u2018pity\u2019 but in this context the pity is a compassionate one. The sentiment may be better conveyed in English with the word \u2018sorrow\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Seosamh \u00d3 h\u00c9ana\u00ed \u204a se\u00e1nra na caointeoireachta: cuid 1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ainm-\u00fadair\">Leis <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuigalway.ie\/our-research\/people\/languages-literatures-and-cultures\/lillisolaoire\/\">an Docht\u00fair Lillis \u00d3 Laoire<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuigalway.ie\/\">Ollscoil na h\u00c9ireann Gaillimh<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Is ionann an c\u00e1s an t\u2011\u00e9ag is an b\u00e1s a deirtear. T\u00e1 an b\u00e1s ar cheann de na cinnteachta\u00ed m\u00f3ra agus n\u00edl aon dul as againn. B\u00edonn gn\u00e1sanna ar leith ann a bhaineann go d\u00edreach leis an mb\u00e1s. B\u00edonn ar dhaoine d\u00e9ile\u00e1il leis an mbr\u00f3n agus iarracht a dh\u00e9anamh a dtocht a mhaol\u00fa. T\u00e1 n\u00f3s na caointeoireachta ar cheann de na beala\u00ed a mbaineadh daoine \u00fas\u00e1id as tr\u00e1th le cabhr\u00fa leo faoiseamh a fh\u00e1il \u00f3 phian an bh\u00e1is. N\u00f3s \u00ed an chaointeoireacht at\u00e1 le f\u00e1il ar fud an domhain, n\u00f3 ar a laghad a bh\u00ed coitianta go dt\u00ed gur chuir an saol nua-aimseartha c\u00fal air. Bh\u00ed an n\u00f3s an-choitianta in \u00c9irinn agus is le linn an nao\u00fa haois d\u00e9ag agus san fhichi\u00fa haois a mheath an n\u00f3s seo. Br\u00fa \u00f3n Eaglais agus \u00f3 institi\u00faid\u00ed St\u00e1it ba ch\u00fais leis an athr\u00fa seo, sin agus an imirce agus an tuiscint a fuair daoine gur n\u00f3s barbartha a bh\u00ed sa chaointeoireacht.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00ed fh\u00e1gann sin nach raibh caoineadh na marbh ar cheann de na deasghn\u00e1tha ba l\u00e1idre a bh\u00ed i gceist aon am amh\u00e1in, n\u00f3s ar cheap daoine \u00e9 a bheith riachtanach. Mura gcaoinf\u00ed an corp, bheadh seans ann nach rachadh s\u00e9 sl\u00e1n go dt\u00ed an saol eile. D\u00e1 r\u00e9ir sin, ba cheart gach corp a chaoineadh. Tuigtear anois gur n\u00f3s \u00e9 an caoineadh a bh\u00ed in aghaidh ghn\u00e1s na Cr\u00edosta\u00edochta. Mar sin f\u00e9in, de r\u00e9ir na mban caointe, ba \u00ed Muire an ch\u00e9ad bhean a chaoin. Chaoin s\u00ed \u00cdosa nuair a c\u00e9asadh \u00e9. D\u2019fh\u00e1g sin gur n\u00f3s ceart a bh\u00ed ann agus go gcaithf\u00ed an corp a chaoineadh d\u00e1 mbeif\u00ed lena adhlacadh i gceart. Mn\u00e1 ba mh\u00f3 a dh\u00e9anadh an caoineadh, c\u00e9 go bhfuil roinnt cuntas againn ar fhir chomh maith. Th\u00e1inig na d\u00e1nta diaga <a href=\"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/caoineadh-na-dtri-muire-2\/\"><cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Caoineadh na dTr\u00ed Muire<\/cite><\/a> agus <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Seacht nD\u00f3l\u00e1s na Maighdine Muire<\/cite> mar shampla as an tuiscint seo freisin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De r\u00e9ir <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Breand\u00e1n_\u00d3_Madag\u00e1in\">an Ollaimh Bhreand\u00e1in U\u00ed\u00a0Mhadag\u00e1in<\/a>, bh\u00ed tr\u00ed chuid sa chaoineadh f\u00e9in. Ar dt\u00fas bh\u00edodh an ghairm i gceist. B\u2019ionann \u00e9 sin agus monabhar \u00edseal. B\u2019fh\u00e9idir go nd\u00e9arfadh an bhean ainm an mharbh\u00e1in go h\u00edseal di f\u00e9in n\u00f3 go nd\u00e9anadh s\u00ed focail ar n\u00f3s, \u2018Mo ghr\u00e1 th\u00fa is mo chumann!\u2019 n\u00f3 a leith\u00e9id a athr\u00e1 ar\u00eds is ar\u00eds eile. Bheadh an bhean ag ullmh\u00fa p\u00edosa v\u00e9arsa\u00edochta agus nuair a bheadh s\u00e9 sin r\u00e9idh chasadh s\u00ed \u00e9 le guth ceoil. Nuair a bheadh s\u00e9 r\u00e1ite, d\u00e9arfadh s\u00ed an tr\u00ed\u00fa cuid: an \u2018gol\u2019. \u2018Och\u00f3n\u2019 n\u00f3 \u2018olag\u00f3n\u2019 n\u00f3 \u2018aillili\u00fa\u2019 n\u00f3 \u2018abh \u00f3!\u2019 n\u00f3 focail mar iad a bheadh i gceist sa chuid seo. Thagaid\u00eds si\u00fad a bh\u00edodh ag freastal ar an t\u00f3rramh isteach leis an mbean chaointe agus bheadh gach duine ag canadh, dar leis an Madag\u00e1nach. Chabhr\u00f3dh s\u00e9 seo an phian a bhain leis an mb\u00e1s a \u00eddi\u00fa de bheag\u00e1n, agus l\u00e9ir\u00edodh s\u00e9 taca\u00edocht do mhuintir an mharbh\u00e1in a bh\u00ed faoi bhr\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sa nao\u00fa haois d\u00e9ag, go h\u00e1irithe roimh an n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Famine_%28Ireland%29\">Gorta<\/a>, n\u00f3s an-choitianta a bh\u00ed sa chaointeoireacht. T\u00e1 cuntais go leor againn \u00f3 thaistealaithe ar na mn\u00e1 caointe agus ar a gcuid iompair. Thaitin s\u00e9 leis na turas\u00f3ir\u00ed seo na mn\u00e1 caointe a fheice\u00e1il. Dar leo gur l\u00e9irigh s\u00e9 barbarthacht na nGael agus tharraing s\u00e9 l\u00edne idir iad f\u00e9in mar dhaoine sibhialta agus na Gaeil fhi\u00e1ine dhosmachtaithe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bh\u00ed an Eaglais go f\u00edochmhar in aghaidh na caointeoireachta agus de r\u00e9ir a ch\u00e9ile d\u2019\u00e9irigh leo deireadh a chur leis. Ach mhair an chaointeoireacht sa Ghaeltacht d\u2019ainneoin an bhr\u00fa a bh\u00ed air. M\u00e1 bh\u00ed an n\u00f3s ag Muire, dar leis na mn\u00e1 nach aon n\u00f3s barbartha a bh\u00ed ann agus nach mbeadh an corp curtha i gceart mura gcaoinf\u00ed \u00e9. Ina mbar\u00fail si\u00fad cuid den daonnacht a bh\u00ed ann go gcuirf\u00ed an corp go dt\u00ed an saol eile mar ba cheart, agus ba chuid den cheart go gcaoinf\u00ed an corp. T\u00e1 an dearcadh seo le tabhairt faoi deara go soil\u00e9ir in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/amhran-mhainse\/\"><cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Amhr\u00e1n Mha\u00ednse<\/cite><\/a>, san \u00e1it a ndeir an bhean at\u00e1 ag saothr\u00fa an bh\u00e1is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><q>Tugaidh siar go Ma\u00ednis m\u00e9 san \u00e1it a gcaoinfear m\u00e9 go bre\u00e1<\/q><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tugtar faoi deara ansin go bhfuil an t\u00e9 at\u00e1 ag caint cinnte gur rud maith \u00e9 go gcaoinf\u00ed \u00ed. L\u00e9ireodh bre\u00e1thacht an chaointe gur duine a bh\u00ed inti a raibh meas agus gr\u00e1 uirthi ag a muintir agus an bpobal ar de \u00ed. N\u00ed bheadh deasghn\u00e1tha an bh\u00e1is comhl\u00edonta i gceart mura mbeadh an br\u00f3n le feice\u00e1il. N\u00ed as cult\u00far na ngruanna tirime a th\u00e1inig a leith\u00e9id de dhearcadh ach a mhalairt, as cult\u00far a gcaithf\u00ed an br\u00f3n a thaispe\u00e1int agus a thaispe\u00e1int go soil\u00e9ir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1 consp\u00f3id ann maidir le c\u00farsa\u00ed caointeoireachta inniu. Meastar nach ionann na t\u00e9acsanna l\u00e1imhscr\u00edbhinn\u00ed. Ma\u00edtear gur dh\u00e1 rud \u00e9ags\u00fala a bhfuil againn sna l\u00e1imhscr\u00edbhinn\u00ed agus an n\u00f3s a bh\u00edodh ag na mn\u00e1 caointe. D\u2019ainneoin go bhfuil gaol \u00e9igin eatarthu, \u00f3 tharla nach maireann an n\u00f3s mar chleachtas beo sa l\u00e1 inniu, n\u00ed f\u00e9idir a bheith cinnte c\u00e9ard go d\u00edreach \u00e9 an gaol eatarthu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cuireann an tuiscint sin luach ar leith ar an p\u00edosa\u00ed caointeoireachta a mhaireann go dt\u00ed an l\u00e1 inniu. T\u00e1 roinnt d\u00edobh ann ach d\u2019ainneoin sin, n\u00ed f\u00e9idir f\u00f3s a bheith cinnte c\u00e9n chaoi a mb\u00edodh an caoineadh nuair a bh\u00ed s\u00e9 ina neart. Is d\u00f3cha gurb \u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caoineadh_Airt_U\u00ed_Laoghaire\"><cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Caoineadh Airt U\u00ed&nbsp;Laoghaire<\/cite><\/a> an caoineadh is c\u00e1ili\u00fala do phobal na h\u00c9ireann fr\u00e9 ch\u00e9ile ach, go bhfios d\u00fainn, n\u00edl aon taifead againn d\u00f3 dh\u00e1 r\u00e1 ag cainteoir d\u00fachais \u00f3n bpobal lena mbaineann s\u00e9. [B\u2019as R\u00e1th L\u00ed, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Muskerry_West\">M\u00fasgra\u00ed U\u00ed&nbsp;Fhlo\u00ednn<\/a>, in Iarthar Chorca\u00ed, don Laoghaireach. B\u2019as Doire Fhion\u00e1in, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U\u00edbh_R\u00e1thach\">U\u00edbh R\u00e1thach<\/a>, i nDeisceart Chiarra\u00ed, d\u00e1 bhean, Eibhl\u00edn Dubh N\u00ed&nbsp;Chonaill, a chum an caoineadh.] Mar sin f\u00e9in, rinneadh taifeadadh d\u2019Eibhl\u00edn N\u00ed&nbsp;Mhurch\u00fa, as Gaeltacht <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corca_Dhuibhne\">Chorca Dhuibhne<\/a>, \u00e1 aithris mar fhil\u00edocht agus rinne s\u00ed sin i gcan\u00faint Mh\u00fasgra\u00ed. F\u00f3s f\u00e9in, t\u00e1 p\u00edosa\u00ed caointeoireachta againn as \u00c1rainn a rinneadh sna caogaid\u00ed agus t\u00e1 p\u00edosa n\u00f3 dh\u00f3 againn as \u00e1iteanna eile chomh maith. Ina measc sin t\u00e1 <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Caoineadh In\u00edon U\u00ed&nbsp;Mhuir\u00edosa<\/cite>, p\u00edosa an-suimi\u00fail a thaifid <a href=\"https:\/\/www.doegen.ie\/node\/2361\">Labhr\u00e1s \u00d3&nbsp;Cadhla<\/a>, L\u00e1irgeach as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.logainm.ie\/ga\/49434\">Scairt na Draighn\u00ed<\/a>, sa mbliain 1948. I bpobal Charna f\u00e9in, t\u00e1 an leagan \u00e1lainn de <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Chaoineadh na dTr\u00ed Muire<\/cite> agus <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Seacht nD\u00f3l\u00e1s na Maighdine Muire<\/cite> a bh\u00ed ag Sorcha N\u00ed&nbsp;Ghuairim an-chos\u00fail leis an gceol a bheadh ar chaoineadh an mharbh\u00e1in. Is f\u00e9idir, freisin, cos\u00falachta\u00ed \u00e1iride a fheice\u00e1il idir na caointe seo agus an suantra\u00ed <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Ho-bh\u00e1-\u00edn<\/cite>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cuireann an p\u00edosa seo le Seosamh \u00d3&nbsp;h\u00c9ana\u00ed a thuilleadh fianaise ar f\u00e1il faoi cheol an chaointe. Thaifead s\u00e9 an p\u00edosa do <a href=\"http:\/\/liamclancy.com\/\">Liam Clancy<\/a> tr\u00e1th agus bhronn Liam ar Mh\u00e1ire Nic&nbsp;Fhinn \u00e9 nuair a bh\u00ed s\u00ed ag d\u00e9anamh an scann\u00e1in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt0366641\/\"><cite class=\"scann\u00e1n\">Sing The Dark Away<\/cite><\/a> faoi Sheosamh. Bhronn M\u00e1ire na c\u00e1ip\u00e9is\u00ed agus na taifeata\u00ed go l\u00e9ir ar <a href=\"http:\/\/www.acadamh.ie\/acadamh\/ionaid\/carna\/\">\u00c1ras Shorcha N\u00ed&nbsp;Ghuairim<\/a> i mbliain 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Is minic sna cuntais ar an gcaointeoireacht a deirt\u00ed gur n\u00f3s fi\u00e1in a bh\u00ed sa chaoineadh a spreagfadh uaf\u00e1s agus eagla. N\u00ed mar sin at\u00e1 p\u00edosa Sheosaimh U\u00ed&nbsp;\u00c9ana\u00ed anseo. T\u00e1 s\u00e9 an-chi\u00fain agus an-s\u00e9imh. Go deimhin d\u2019fh\u00e9adfa\u00ed \u00e9 a chur i gcompar\u00e1id le suantra\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ar chuma ar bith, is l\u00e9ir gur chuala Seosamh an caoineadh ina \u00f3ige agus gur th\u00f3g s\u00e9 p\u00edosa de, agus t\u00e1 an t\u2011\u00e1dh orainn go bhfuil an p\u00edosa seo againn uaidh a thugann bar\u00fail d\u00fainn ar an gcaointeoireacht mar a chleachta\u00ed i gCarna \u00e9 tr\u00e1th den saol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Seosamh \u00d3 h\u00c9ana\u00ed \u204a se\u00e1nra na caointeoireachta: cuid 2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ainm-\u00fadair\">Le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mic.ul.ie\/ga\/node\/138?index=2\">R\u00f3is\u00edn Nic\u00a0Dhonncha<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mic.ul.ie\/ga\/home-ie\">Col\u00e1iste Mhuire gan Sm\u00e1l<\/a>, Luimneach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1 an caoineadh seo ar cheann den dorn\u00e1n m\u00edreanna a th\u00f3g <a href=\"http:\/\/liamclancy.com\/\">Liam Clancy<\/a> ar th\u00e9ipthaifead\u00e1n \u00f3 Sheosamh. N\u00edl d\u00e1ta an taifid ar f\u00e1il ach t\u00e1 an seans ann go ndearnadh \u00e9 le linn turas a thug Liam Clancy agus Seosamh, mar aon le <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S\u00e9amus_Ennis\">S\u00e9amus Mac&nbsp;Aonghusa<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.barneymckenna.net\/\">Barney Mc&nbsp;Kenna<\/a> agus ceolt\u00f3ir\u00ed nach iad, go Baile an Fheirt\u00e9araigh i l\u00e1r na seascaid\u00ed. Ainneoin nach i gcomhth\u00e9acs bar\u00e1nt\u00fail na caointeoireachta a canadh an mh\u00edr seo, thug \u00d3&nbsp;h\u00c9ana\u00ed faoi leis an tsoll\u00fantacht sin a bh\u00ed saini\u00fail ina chuid fonnad\u00f3ireachta tr\u00ed ch\u00e9ile. Go deimhin, ba \u00e9 <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Caoineadh na dTr\u00ed Muire<\/cite> ba mh\u00f3 a thuill c\u00e1il do Sheosamh ar dt\u00fas agus \u00e9 ag canadh taobh amuigh d\u00e1 phobal d\u00fachais. Ba ag ceann de na ho\u00edcheanta seanchais a re\u00e1cht\u00e1ladh i Halla an Damer i mBaile \u00c1tha Cliath i m\u00ed Bealtaine 1957, go bhfios duinn, a chas s\u00e9 an t\u2011amhr\u00e1n sin go poibl\u00ed den ch\u00e9ad uair, \u00e1it a ndeachaigh s\u00e9 go m\u00f3r i gcion ar an lucht \u00e9isteachta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tearc go maith at\u00e1 na taifid fuaime at\u00e1 ar f\u00e1il de mh\u00edreanna caointeoireachta. Is fi\u00fa cluais \u00e9isteachta a thabhairt don chaoineadh a thaifead Alan Lomax \u00f3 Chit\u00ed N\u00ed&nbsp;Ghallch\u00f3ir as Gaoth Dobhair i 1951 agus at\u00e1 le f\u00e1il ar <a href=\"https:\/\/mainlynorfolk.info\/folk\/records\/worldlibraryoffolk_ireland.html\"><cite class=\"albam-ceoil\">World Library of Folk and Primitive Music: Ireland Volume II<\/cite><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/rounder.com\/\">Rounder Records<\/a>, 1998; CD1742) faoin teideal <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Keen for a Dead Child<\/cite>. D\u00edol suntais freisin taifead fuaime le fear darb ainm Se\u00e1n \u00d3&nbsp;Conghaile nach bhfuil de theideal air ach <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Caoineadh<\/cite> agus at\u00e1 le cloiste\u00e1il ar an dl\u00fathdhiosca <cite class=\"albam-ceoil\">Ireland: Traditional Musics of Today<\/cite> (Unesco Collection, 1997).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00e1s \u00e9 \u00d3&nbsp;h\u00c9ana\u00ed a thug an caoineadh chomh fada le st\u00e1its\u00ed na hardchathrach, is f\u00e9idir a r\u00e1 gurb \u00e9 freisin a thug an se\u00e1nra sin isteach i r\u00e9imse l\u00e1ithrithe na bhfear. Ba leis na mn\u00e1 a luadh na caointe riamh, agus ba mhinic le Seosamh \u00d3&nbsp;h\u00c9ana\u00ed creidi\u00faint a thabhairt d\u00e1 sheanmh\u00e1thair as an sciar seo de na hamhr\u00e1in a thabhairt d\u00f3. Bhain na hamhr\u00e1in chr\u00e1ifeacha, na caointe agus na suantraithe go traidisi\u00fanta le sp\u00e1s pr\u00edobh\u00e1ideach an bhaile, an \u00e1it is m\u00f3 inar th\u00e1inig \u00e9isp\u00e9ireas amhr\u00e1na\u00edochta na mban chun cinn. Bh\u00ed an amhr\u00e1na\u00edocht ar cheann de na gn\u00edomhartha tr\u00edna ndearnadh daingni\u00fa ar an r\u00f3l praitici\u00fail a bh\u00ed ag an mbean mar ch\u00faram\u00f3ir agus ar a l\u00e1rna\u00ed is a bh\u00ed rannph\u00e1irt\u00edocht na mban ag staideanna critici\u00fala den bheatha dhaonna. Cos\u00fail le fonnad\u00f3ir ar bith at\u00e1 inni\u00fail ar a gceird, rinne \u00d3&nbsp;h\u00c9ana\u00ed a chuid f\u00e9in de na hamhr\u00e1in. T\u00e1 pl\u00e9 fi\u00fantach d\u00e9anta ag <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.evergreen.edu\/williams\/\">Sean Williams<\/a> agus Lillis \u00d3&nbsp;Laoire (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.oxfordscholarship.com\/view\/10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195321180.001.0001\/acprof-9780195321180\"><cite class=\"leabhar\">Bright Star of The West<\/cite><\/a>, New York: Oxford University Press, lgh. 89\u2013109) ar leaganacha, l\u00e9amha agus st\u00edleanna l\u00e1ithrithe U\u00ed&nbsp;\u00c9ana\u00ed i dtaca leis na hamhr\u00e1in chr\u00e1ifeacha agus na caointe a bh\u00edodh \u00e1 gcasadh aige.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u00e9ith choitianta de chuid na caointeoireachta ab ea an loinneog, \u2018\u00f3ch\u00f3n is \u00f3ch\u00f3n \u00f3\u2019*, mar at\u00e1 le cloiste\u00e1il sa sampla \u00e1irithe seo. Fuaimeanna seachas focail a bh\u00ed sa loinneog agus ba bheag t\u00e1bhacht a bh\u00ed leo \u00f3 thaobh na s\u00e9imeantaice de. Ina leaba sin, bh\u00ed de sprioc ag an loinneog an chomhchantaireacht a spreagadh agus thug s\u00ed bealach isteach sa chaointeoireacht do dhuine ar bith ar mhaith leo a racht a ligean os ard. Bh\u00ed feidhm phraitici\u00fail eile ag an loinneog sa mh\u00e9id is gur thug s\u00ed sp\u00e1s agus deis don bhean chaointe smaoineamh ar na ch\u00e9ad l\u00ednte eile den chaoineadh. I bhfianaise gur ar bhonn <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">extempore<\/i> a bh\u00edodh an chumad\u00f3ireacht \u00e1 d\u00e9anamh i su\u00edomh org\u00e1nach na caointeoireachta, \u00e1fach, is f\u00e9idir a bheith r\u00e9as\u00fanta cinnte go mb\u00edodh mn\u00e1 caointe ag tarraingt ar st\u00f3r \u00e1irithe fr\u00e1sa\u00ed agus l\u00ednte foirmleacha agus \u00e1 gcur in oiri\u00faint de r\u00e9ir mar a ba gh\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00edl an caoineadh ina ioml\u00e1ine \u00e1 chasadh ag Seosamh \u00d3&nbsp;h\u00c9ana\u00ed sa taifead seo agus t\u00e1 an seans ann go bhfuil an chumad\u00f3ireacht <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">extempore<\/i> ar bun aige f\u00e9in in \u00e1it n\u00f3 dh\u00f3. N\u00ed raibh an caoineadh \u00e1irithe seo ina mh\u00edr choitianta sa st\u00f3r amhr\u00e1n aige, agus d\u00e1 r\u00e9ir, seans nach raibh an leagan n\u00edos ioml\u00e1ine de ar bharr a theanga aige. Faightear go coitianta i v\u00e9arsa\u00ed an chaointe l\u00ednte gearra le comhshondas idir na guta\u00ed agus is amhlaidh at\u00e1 sa chaoineadh seo freisin den chuid is m\u00f3. T\u00e1 n\u00f3sanna coitianta eile de chuid na caointeoireachta tagtha sl\u00e1n sa sampla gearr seo freisin. Labhra\u00edtear go d\u00edreach sa dara pearsa leis an t\u00e9 at\u00e1 ar l\u00e1r agus tugann an caointeoir t\u00fas \u00e1ite d\u00e1 b(h)riseadh cro\u00ed agus d\u00e1 f(h)ulaingt f\u00e9in. Ar deireadh, n\u00ed f\u00e9idir gan suntas a thabhairt do na cos\u00falachta\u00ed idir fonn an chaointe seo agus an fonn a chuireadh \u00d3&nbsp;h\u00c9ana\u00ed le <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Caoineadh na dTr\u00ed Muire<\/cite> a bhfuil dh\u00e1 thaifead de le f\u00e1il sna Cartlanna seo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>* \u2018Och\u00f3n\u2019 an litri\u00fa caighde\u00e1nach. \u2018\u00d3ch\u00f3n\u2019 a bh\u00ed ag Joe \u00e1fach, agus at\u00e1 i gc\u00f3na\u00ed ag roinnt daoine eile i gceantar Iorras Aithneach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"n\u00f3ta\u00ed-bun-leathanaigh\">\n<h2 id=\"a:nota\u00ed\">Notes<\/h2>\n<p>Keening (<i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caointeoireacht<\/i> in Irish), the ritualised lamenting of the dead at a wake or funeral, in which the grief of the bereaved is expressed in song, is of course an international phenomenon. It has a long history in Ireland but became effectively extinct during the early twentieth century. Its formal public practice in that country is well-documented: lamentation over the corpse by the deceased\u2019s female relations, and\/or by a woman hired for the purpose, during the three days of the wake and at the burial itself. However, it\u2019s thought that an entirely separate private <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caointeoireacht<\/i> was also observed by the bereaved family, for whom it would have served the dual purpose of bringing the dead person to mind and of giving vent to their own deep feelings of sorrow (<i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">scaoileadh leis an tocht<\/i>). It would seem that this is the sort of <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caointeoireacht<\/i> represented in this recording.<\/p>\n<p>As observed in his segment of the video by Lillis \u00d3&nbsp;Laoire, no known extant recording exists of a genuine Irish <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caointeoireacht<\/i>. It\u2019s eminently possible that none was ever made. The practice was frowned on heavily by both Church and State, and by the time technology had evolved to the point where an actual example might have been captured for posterity \u2014 in sound, vision or both \u2014 it had been all but extinguished. Therefore, the <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caoineadh<\/i> (the sung lament; anglicised \u2018keen\u2019) heard in this recording provides us with an extremely valuable next best thing. Its cultural authenticity is unassailable. Joe was born in 1919, into a community where <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caointeoireacht<\/i> was still a part of the social fabric. Furthermore, he often credited his maternal grandmother, B\u00e9ib (Bairbre) U\u00ed&nbsp;Mhaoilchiar\u00e1in for this particular aspect of his repertoire and she was born and reared in the ninteenth century, when the practice would have been that much stronger.<\/p>\n<p>Having said that, in her segment, <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.evergreen.edu\/williams\/\">Sean Williams<\/a> rightly points out that this is Joe <em>performing<\/em> the <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caoineadh<\/i> rather than <em>lamenting<\/em> it. (It\u2019s a respectful performance though. He clearly understands the nature of the material.) It\u2019s worth clarifying to readers unfamiliar with keening traditions that the songs and behaviours that form part of any real-world keening practice do not in themselves instantiate it. It\u2019s quite possible to \u2018perform\u2019 a <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caoineadh<\/i> and even to \u2018enact\u2019 a <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caointeoireacht<\/i> but out of their intended cultural context \u2014 a death, a wake, a funeral and, it might be argued, the societal acceptance of the practice as a normality \u2014 that just gives you the unassembled components.<\/p>\n<p>Fortunately, a small number of other next best things has survived. While there were still people alive who\u2019d been born into the tradition in its final years, some of them were recorded giving \u2018authentic\u2019 performances such as this one. These include <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Keen for a Dead Child<\/cite>, recorded in 1951, which can be heard on <a href=\"https:\/\/mainlynorfolk.info\/folk\/records\/worldlibraryoffolk_ireland.html\"><cite class=\"albam-ceoil\">World Library of Folk and Primitive Music: Ireland Volume II<\/cite><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/rounder.com\/\">Rounder Records<\/a>, 1998; CD1742) and two separate pieces, both recorded in 1957 and both entitled <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Caoineadh na Marbh<\/cite> (literally, \u2018the keening of the dead\u2019). These are available on <a href=\"https:\/\/folkways.si.edu\/songs-of-aran\/celtic-world\/music\/album\/smithsonian\"><cite class=\"albam-ceoil\">Songs of Aran<\/cite><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/folkways.si.edu\/\">Smithsonian Folkways<\/a>, 1957; FW04002, FM 4002). <cite class=\"amhr\u00e1n\">Keen for a Dead Child<\/cite> was sung by Cit\u00ed N\u00ed&nbsp;Ghallch\u00f3ir from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.logainm.ie\/ga\/130384?s=Gaoth+Dobhair\">Gaoth Dobhair<\/a>, County Donegal. The other two <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caointe<\/i> were sung by very old women from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.logainm.ie\/ga\/1166528?s=aran+islands\">Oile\u00e1in \u00c1rann<\/a>, County Galway, one of whom preferred to remain anonymous, no doubt reflecting a reluctance to publically expose something so intensely personal and private.<\/p>\n<p>In the Irish tradition at least, it\u2019s clear that there\u2019s no established keening \u2018text\u2019 but that the singer simply improvises as feeling dictates. The air, like the words, relies on repetition of a couple of basic motifs and, as Joe\u2019s comment at the end indirectly suggests, can be extended for as long as necessary. Interestingly, Joe\u2019s performance here also provides us with wider insights, suggesting the probable character of a number of airs recorded in P. W. Joyce, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.itma.ie\/digital-library\/text\/old-irish-folk-music-and-songs-part-1\"><cite class=\"leabhar\">Old Irish Folk Music and Songs<\/cite><\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.waterstones.com\/bookshops\/hodges-figgis\">Hodges Figgis<\/a>, 1909) for which unfortunately no words were recorded. See numbers 162 (p. 82), 259 (p. 124), 483 (p. 267), and 655 (p. 330).<\/p>\n<p>Regarding the English translation given here, this has been rendered in a form of Hiberno-English that\u2019s old-fashioned now but which was naturalistic in many communities until a generation or two ago and which hasn\u2019t entirely vanished. This vernacular is very heavily informed by Irish. For readers not familiar with it, statements are often formed as questions \u2014 \u2018nach m\u00e9 at\u00e1 br\u00f3nach?\u2019 = \u2018isn\u2019t it I who\u2019s sad?\u2019 = \u2018I am sad\u2019 for example.<\/p>\n<p>For a thorough discussion of the practice of <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caointeoireacht<\/i> and the probable structure of the formal <i class=\"cor-cainte-teangan-eile\">caoineadh<\/i>, see <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Breand%C3%A1n_%C3%93_Madag%C3%A1in\">Breand\u00e1n \u00d3&nbsp;Madag\u00e1in<\/a> (ed.), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cic.ie\/books\/published-books\/gneithe-den-chaointeoireacht-leabhair-cloite\"><cite class=\"leabhar\">Gn\u00e9ithe den Chaointeoireacht<\/cite><\/a> (Dublin, 1978), and the same author\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cic.ie\/books\/published-books\/caointe-agus-seancheolta-eile-keening-and-other-old-irish-musics-leabhair-c\"><cite class=\"leabhar\">Caointe agus Seancheolta Eile \/ Keening and Other Old Irish Musics<\/cite><\/a> (Indreabh\u00e1n, 2005), 11\u201318 and 81\u201388.<\/p>\n<p>Interested Irish-speaking readers are also directed to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kennys.ie\/leabhair-ghaeilge\/caoineadh-na-dtri-muire-teama-na-paise-i-bhfiliocht-bheil-na-gaeilge.htm\"><cite class=\"leabhar\">Caoineadh na dTr\u00ed Muire: T\u00e9ama na P\u00e1ise i bhFil\u00edocht Bh\u00e9il na Gaeilge<\/cite><\/a> (An Cl\u00f3chomhar Tta, 1983) by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Angela_Bourke\">Angela Partridge<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Thanks are due to R\u00f3is\u00edn Nic&nbsp;Dhonncha for generous expert advice and assistance. This page is much the better for them.<\/p>\n<p>The Cartlanna gratefully acknowledge the estate of the late <a href=\"http:\/\/liamclancy.com\/\">Liam Clancy<\/a> for permission to use this recording.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/template-full-width.php","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-amhrain","category-amhrain-i-ngaeilge"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1246"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1246\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3419,"href":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1246\/revisions\/3419"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.joeheaney.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}